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International Broadcasting Act
Signed in law in 1994 by U.S. President Bill Clinton, this act was meant to streamline the U.S. international broadcasting and provide a cost-effective way to continue Radio Free Europe/ Radio Liberty, Voice of America, and Radio Marti.〔Raghavan, Sudarsan V., Stephen S. Johnson, Kristi K. Bahrenburg. Sending cross-border static: on the fate of Radio Free Europe and the influence of international broadcasting. Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 47, 1993.〕 It placed control of the international broadcasting under the United States Information Agency.〔United States International Broadcasting Act, Pub. L. No. 103-236, title. III.〕
==History==
In 1958, President Eisenhower in an address to the United Nations proposed monitoring radio broadcasts:
"I believe that this Assembly should () consider means for monitoring the radio broadcasts directed across national frontiers in the troubled Near East area. It should then examine complaints from these nations which consider their national security jeopardized by external propaganda."〔Dept of State Bulletin 337-342 at 339. 1958 Statement to the UN, August 1958.〕
In the 1960s, President Kennedy to build an international broadcasting arm of the United States to as a way to promote foreign policy and overthrow socialism.〔Jon T. Powell, "Towards a Negotiable Definition of Propaganda for International Agreements Related to Direct Broadcast Satellites," Law & Contemporary Problems 45 (1982): 3, 25-26.〕 In 1976, President Gerald Ford signed the Voice of America charter that established it as the leading branch of US international broadcasting.
In 1993, the Clinton Administration proposed cutting the budget for Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty in order to reduce budget expenditures.〔 However, after working with the Congress, the International Broadcasting Act was born.
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